RETINOPATHIE DU DIABETE 2011
Je reste en alerte concernant tous les articles sur la rétinopathie, car un membre de ma famille est atteint de RETINOPATHIE PIGMENTAIRE.
En 2011 un article canadien paru dans Science Translational Medicine mentionne l'utilisation des oméga 3 pour traiter certaines rétinopathies.
Voici un extrait de l'article paru en février 2011 dans Radio CANADA :
"(...) les oméga-3 ralentiraient également la progression de certaines maladies des yeux. C'est du moins ce qu'a découvert une équipe de chercheurs de l'Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, à Montréal, dont les travaux viennent d'être publiés dans la prestigieuse revue Science Translational Medicine .
Selon l'équipe du biochimiste Mike Sapieha, les acides gras oméga-3 ralentiraient de façon significative la progression de la rétinopathie, une maladie des yeux qui touche surtout les personnes diabétiques et les bébés prématurés. Au Canada, un demi-million de personnes diabétiques souffrent de cette maladie qui conduit à la cécité. (...)"
Voici le résumé de Science Translational Medicine :
"Lipid signaling is dysregulated in many diseases with vascular pathology, including cancer, diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, and age-related macular degeneration. We have previously demonstrated that diets enriched in ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) effectively reduce pathological retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy, in part through metabolic products that suppress microglial-derived tumor necrosis factor–α. To better understand the protective effects of ω-3 PUFAs, we examined the relative importance of major lipid metabolic pathways and their products in contributing to this effect. ω-3 PUFA diets were fed to four lines of mice deficient in each key lipid-processing enzyme (cyclooxygenase 1 or 2, or lipoxygenase 5 or 12/15), retinopathy was induced by oxygen exposure; only loss of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) abrogated the protection against retinopathy of dietary ω-3 PUFAs. This protective effect was due to 5-LOX oxidation of the ω-3 PUFA lipid docosahexaenoic acid to 4-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid (4-HDHA). 4-HDHA directly inhibited endothelial cell proliferation and sprouting angiogenesis via peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ (PPARγ), independent of 4-HDHA’s anti-inflammatory effects. Our study suggests that ω-3 PUFAs may be profitably used as an alternative or supplement to current anti–vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) treatment for proliferative retinopathy and points to the therapeutic potential of ω-3 PUFAs and metabolites in other diseases of vasoproliferation. It also suggests that cyclooxygenase inhibitors such as aspirin and ibuprofen (but not lipoxygenase inhibitors such as zileuton) might be used without losing the beneficial effect of dietary ω-3 PUFA. "
Sci Transl Med 9 February 2011: / Vol. 3, Issue 69, p. 69ra12 / DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001571